Xapavir LT (Dolutegravir Lamivudine Tenofovir)

Xapavir-LT buy at a bargain price with delivery from India

Xapavir-LT is an innovative Indian drug intended for the treatment of adult patients suffering from HIV-1 infection and weighing more than 40 kg.

Mechanism of action:

Xapavir-LT contains dolutegravir, which belongs to the group of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors. Dolutegravir prevents the integration of the HIV virus into the DNA of human cells and stops the process of viral replication, characteristic of its life cycle.

The tenofovir component of Xapavir-LT interferes with the function of the transcriptase enzyme by breaking down a normal substrate known as deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate and is integrated into viral DNA through the action of a viral DNA eliminator. This prevents the synthesis of viral DNA, which is necessary for the virus to replicate.

Lamivudine, also part of Xapavir-LT, is a synthetic nucleoside analogue and is converted inside cells to the active metabolite lamivudine 5'-triphosphate (3TC-TP). This active metabolite helps prevent reverse transcriptase by breaking the chain after the nucleotide analogue has integrated into viral DNA.

Pharmacokinetics:

Xapavir-LT is well absorbed by the body, and the maximum concentration of dolutegravir in the blood plasma is achieved after 2-3 hours. Tenofovir DF is also rapidly absorbed and has a bioavailability of about 25%, while lamivudine has a high bioavailability of 80% to 87%.

Protein binding for dolutegravir is 98.9%, for tenofovir it is less than 7.2%, and for lamivudine it is 36%.

Xapavir-LT is metabolized in the body via the enzyme UGT1A1 with a minor contribution from the enzyme CYP3A. Tenofovir is metabolized via the enzyme cytochrome P450, and the metabolism of lamivudine is catalyzed by sulfotransferases.

The drug is excreted from the body through feces (53% for dolutegravir) and urine (31% for dolutegravir, 5.2% ± 1.4% for lamivudine). The half-life of dolutegravir is 14 hours, tenofovir DF - 17 hours, lamivudine - 5-7 hours.

Directions for use and dosage:

Xapavir-LT is recommended to be taken before meals, and to reduce the risk of neurological side effects, it is best to take it before bedtime. The recommended dose is one Xapavir-LT tablet per day, which contains 50 mg dolutegravir, 300 mg lamivudine, and 300 mg tenofovir.

For patients with renal impairment, dosage adjustment is recommended for creatinine clearance less than 50 ml/min. No dosage adjustment is required in patients with mild to moderate hepatic impairment.

When using Xapavir-LT in elderly patients, it should be done with caution.

Side effects:

Xapavir-LT may cause a number of side effects, including lactic acidosis, exacerbation of viral hepatitis B, kidney damage, psychiatric and nervous system problems, skin problems, liver toxicity, decompensated liver cirrhosis, pancreatitis, bone defects, immune reconstitution syndrome and fat redistribution. The most common side effects are headache, pain in various parts of the body, fever, abdominal pain, back pain, asthenia, diarrhea, nausea, dyspepsia, vomiting, lipodystrophy, arthralgia, insomnia.

Laboratory abnormalities may include elevated cholesterol, creatine kinase, AST and ALT, hematuria, neutropenia, and elevated serum amylase.

Patients should be careful when Xapavir-LT interacts with other drugs and food products, as this may affect the effectiveness of the drug. In addition, the drug should be used with caution in patients with severe hepatomegaly, renal failure, HIV-1 and HBV coinfection, as well as in pregnant and lactating women. If a dose is missed, it is recommended to take it as soon as possible, and overdose has no specific antidote and requires observation and standard supportive care.